ORA-01445 in Interactive Report when importing Apex 3.2 app into Apex 5.0

Just a quick note about an error I encountered when importing an old Apex 3.2 (!) app into Apex 5.0.2.

Using Apex 5.0.2, I have imported an application which ran fine under Apex 3.2, that had an interactive report with the following query:

select c001, c002, c003, c004, c005, c006, c007, c008, c009, c010,

  c011, c012, c013, c014, c015, c016, c017, c018, c019, c020,

  c021, c022, c023, c024, c025, c026, c027, c028, c029, c030,

  c031, c032, c033, c034, c035

from apex_collections

where collection_name = 'USER_QUERY'

The collection is populated by PL/SQL code before the query runs.

Now, in Apex 5.0.2, when I run the page, I get the following error:

ORA-01445: cannot select ROWID from, or sample, a join view without a key-preserved table 

Running the page in debug mode shows the following:

...Execute Statement: select 

  apxws_row_pk,

  "C001",

  "C002",

  "C003",

  "C004",

  "C005",

  "C006",

  "C007",

  "C008",

  "C009",

  "C010",

  "C011",

  "C012",

  "C013",

  "C014",

  "C015",

  "C016",

  "C017",

  "C018",

  "C019",

  "C020",

  "C021",

  "C022",

  "C023",

  "C024",

  "C025",

  "C026",

  "C027",

  "C028",

  "C029",

  "C030",

  "C031",

  "C032",

  "C033",

  "C034",

  "C035",

  count(*) over () as apxws_row_cnt

 from (

select * from (select b.ROWID apxws_row_pk, b.* from (select * from (

select c001, c002, c003, c004, c005, c006, c007, c008, c009, c010,

  c011, c012, c013, c014, c015, c016, c017, c018, c019, c020,

  c021, c022, c023, c024, c025, c026, c027, c028, c029, c030,

  c031, c032, c033, c034, c035

from apex_collections

where collection_name = 'USER_QUERY'

) ) b) r

) r where rownum <= to_number(:APX~

Logging exception:

Sqlerrm: ORA-01445: cannot select ROWID from, or sample, a join view without a key-preserved table

Backtrace: ORA-06512: at "SYS.DBMS_SYS_SQL", line 1325

ORA-06512: at "SYS.WWV_DBMS_SQL", line 464

ORA-06512: at "SYS.WWV_DBMS_SQL", line 475

ORA-06512: at "APEX_050000.WWV_FLOW_DYNAMIC_EXEC", line 416

Logging exception:

Sqlerrm: ORA-01445: cannot select ROWID from, or sample, a join view without a key-preserved table

Backtrace: ORA-06512: at "SYS.DBMS_SYS_SQL", line 1325

ORA-06512: at "SYS.WWV_DBMS_SQL", line 464

ORA-06512: at "APEX_050000.WWV_FLOW_DYNAMIC_EXEC", line 461

ORA-06512: at "APEX_050000.WWV_FLOW_WORKSHEET_STANDARD", line 471

Logging exception:

Sqlerrm: ORA-01445: cannot select ROWID from, or sample, a join view without a key-preserved table

Backtrace: ORA-06512: at "SYS.DBMS_SYS_SQL", line 1325

ORA-06512: at "SYS.WWV_DBMS_SQL", line 464

ORA-06512: at "APEX_050000.WWV_FLOW_WORKSHEET", line 4277

ORA-06512: at "APEX_050000.WWV_FLOW_WORKSHEET", line 11471

And indeed, if I just isolate the inner part of the IR query that Apex generates, and run this in the SQL Workshop in Apex:

select b.ROWID apxws_row_pk, b.* from (select *  from (

select c001, c002, c003, c004, c005, c006, c007, c008, c009, c010,

  c011, c012, c013, c014, c015, c016, c017, c018, c019, c020,

  c021, c022, c023, c024, c025, c026, c027, c028, c029, c030,

  c031, c032, c033, c034, c035

from apex_collections

where collection_name = 'USER_QUERY'

) ) b

I get the same error:

ORA-01445: cannot select ROWID from, or sample, a join view without a key-preserved table

I thought this was a bug, but then I checked the "Link Column" attribute of the Interactive Report. It was set to "Link to Single Row View" and the "Uniquely Identify Rows by" was set to "ROWID". That must be why Apex wraps my query with an outer query that adds the rowid, which then fails because my original query is not "key-preserved". (Funny that the single row view worked in Apex 3, but I guess the internal implementation of the outer query changed between versions.)

In my case I did not really need the single row view, so I just disabled it (set "Link Column" attribute to "Exclude Link Column"). Your case might be different, so you would have to rewrite the query or specify a unique key column instead of rowid.

Working with the Apex 5 treeview

Apex 5 includes a new treeview widget. I haven't been able to find good documentation on how to use the treeview. This blog post is an attempt to summarize what I have gleaned from the help text, forum posts, and experimentation, to make it easier for others.

Adding a treeview to a page

Let's start with the basics. The treeview is a built-in region component called "Tree". Simply drag it from the Regions palette to the content body of the page.

If you intend to manipulate the treeview using Javascript, you should assign the region a static ID (such as my-treeview).

You need to specify a query as the source for the treeview.

The treeview query

This sample query is taken from the help text, and shows you what the treeview query needs to look like in terms of columns. It uses the sample EMP table (usually installed in the sample SCOTT schema in the database, see for example this blog post if you need to recreate it).

Since a tree is used to display a hierarchy, we use the connect by clause in the query to link the item (employee) with the parent item (manager). connect_by_isleaf and level are built-in Oracle functions/pseudocolumns that can be used with queries that use the connect by clause.


 select case when connect_by_isleaf = 1 then 0 when level = 1 then 1 else -1 end as status,
        level,
        ename as title,
        'icon-tree-folder' as icon,
        empno as value,
        ename as tooltip,
        null as link
   from emp
  start with mgr is null
connect by prior empno = mgr
  order siblings by ename

For reference, here is a slightly more complex query taken from the "Sample Trees" packaged application.

select case when connect_by_isleaf = 1 then 0 when level = 1 then 1 else -1 end as status,
       level,
       label || ': ' || name as title,
       case
         when item_type = 'P' then 'fa-file-text-o'
         when item_type = 'S' then 'fa-caret-square-o-right'
         when item_type = 'T' then 'fa-minus-square-o'
         else null
       end as icon,
       id as value,
       case
         when tooltip is not null then name || ' - ' || tooltip || '% complete'
         else name
       end as tooltip,
       case when item_type = 'P' then
               apex_util.prepare_url('f?p='||:app_id||':7:'||:app_session||':T:::P3_SELECTED_NODE,P7_PROJ_ID:'||id||','||id)
            when item_type = 'T' then
               apex_util.prepare_url('f?p='||:app_id||':9:'||:app_session||':T:::P3_SELECTED_NODE,P9_PROJ_ID,P9_TASK_ID:'||id||','||link)
            when item_type = 'S' then
               apex_util.prepare_url('f?p='||:app_id||':10:'||:app_session||':T:::P3_SELECTED_NODE,P10_PROJ_ID,P10_ROWID:'||id||','||link)
       end as link
 from ...

Custom icons

The fourth column of the treeview query is the icon, specified as a Font Awesome class name (or whatever other icon library you have included in your application). This can either be a static value hardcoded into the query, or you can use a case statement (or a PL/SQL function) to provide different icons depending on your data. The default is no icon.

NOTE: I can't get this to work in my own application. I can see the icon I specify being added to the page markup, but the icon itself does not become visible on the page. And yet I can see it working as expected in the "Sample Trees" packaged application. Obviously something must be different between the two apps, but I have not yet figured out what. Anyone else had any success with this? UPDATE 13.01.2015: For this to work with Font Awesome icons, you have to change the "Icon Type" attribute of the treeview from the default "a-Icon" to "fa".

Tooltips

The sixth column of the treeview query is the tooltip, ie the text that will be displayed when the user hovers over the node with the mouse. To enable tooltips, you also need to set the "Tooltip" attribute of the treeview region from "None" to "Database Column".

Collapsing and expanding all nodes

Create a button, add a dynamic action to it, and set the true action to "Expand Tree", then set the affected element to your treeview region. Create a similar button for the "Collapse Tree" dynamic action.

The link column

The seventh column of the treeview query is the link, ie what should happen when the user clicks on a node in the treeview. If you leave the link column set to null, nothing will happen when the user clicks a node, and you have to use Javascript to retrieve the underlying value of the selected node and do something with it (see below).

If you do construct a link in the query, it can be either an external URL (outside Apex), an Apex URL (in which case you should use either apex_util.prepare_url or apex_page.get_url to construct a valid link, I prefer the latter API since it is the newer of the two), or a Javascript URL (see example below).

See second query above for an example of Apex page links created via the query.

Example of Javascript link: If you don't want to navigate away from the page when the user clicks a node, you can use a Javascript link to call some Javascript function local to the page.

Modify the query above to

select ...,
  'javascript:DoSomethingWithSelectedNode(' || id || ');' as link,
  ...

Then add the following function to the "Function and Global Variable Declaration" attribute of your page:

function DoSomethingWithSelectedNode(nodevalue) {
  $s('P1_SELECTED_ID', nodevalue);
}

Create a hidden page item called P1_SELECTED_ID and set the "Value Protected" attribute to "No" to allow us to manipulate it via Javascript.

You can now add a dynamic action that triggers "on change" of the hidden page item. The hidden item will change when the user clicks a node in the treeview, and this will in turn trigger the dynamic action.

Activate links with single or double click

This is an attribute of the tree region. The default is "Single Click", but you might want to change this to "Double Click" to support more advanced interaction (with a single click being captured by a Javascript event handler and a double click used to navigate to a different page).

Getting the value of the selected node via Javascript

As described in this forum post, there are other ways of getting the selected node value (in addition to the Javascript link described above).

I will quote from the relevant parts of the answer:

"With the Apex 5 tree, you can use two functions to retrieve the current selection. First of all though, you'll want to assign a static region id so you can select the tree correctly. For example, I assigned mine the id "my-treeview".

The difference between the two methods is in what they return. One returns the actual elements in the DOM, the other will get you the datamodel nodes. The datamodel will allow much easier access to the data than the dom nodes would. It depends on what you want to do, obviously."

Code snippets:

// returns the actual elements in the DOM
apex.jQuery("#my-treeview div[role='tree']").treeView("getSelection")

// returns an array of nodes
apex.jQuery("#my-treeview div[role='tree']").treeView("getSelectedNodes")

// returns just the id of the first currently selected node
// multiselection is not something enabled by default, so it is safe to just get the first id
apex.jQuery("#my-treeview div[role='tree']").treeView("getSelectedNodes")[0].id

The screenshot below shows these function calls in action:

It is also possible to set up an event handler to trigger whenever a node is selected ("Thus you can avoid having to generate javascript calls in your SQL"), like this:

// setup event handler to handle selection of nodes
apex.jQuery("#my-treeview div[role='tree']").treeView("option", "selectionChange", function(e){  
  console.log("Selection changed, value of selected node is " + apex.jQuery(this).treeView("getSelectedNodes")[0].id); 
});

Screenshot below shows this in action:

Remembering the value of the selected node between page views

The "Selected Node Page Item" attribute is used to remember the value of the selected node between page views, so that the tree is always expanded and focused on the previously selected item when the user returns to the page that contains the treeview.

Here is what the help text says: "This item is used to save tree state, by holding the value of the last selected node. The value of the selected node can be saved to the selected item via the node link attribute, or via a page process. When the tree is reloaded, the tree is opened to the selected node value."

In other words, you put in the name of a page item in this attribute, and you need to make sure that the item contains the value of the selected node (this doesn't happen automatically).

One way to do this is as demonstrated in the second treeview query above, which sets the page item on the treeview page (P3_SELECTED_NODE in that example) in the link that navigates away to another page.

Alternatively, if you need to stay on the same page, you can use any of the Javascript methods described above to get the value of the selected node, and then use the $s() function to set the value of the page item. This item value is stored automatically in session state if you submit the page.

Finally, if you need the selected node value to be stored in session state immediately, you can use Ajax. Here's an example of code to put on the "On page load" attribute of the page:

apex.jQuery("#my-treeview div[role='tree']").treeView("option", "selectionChange", function(e){  
  console.log("Selection changed, value of selected node is " + apex.jQuery(this).treeView("getSelectedNodes")[0].id); 
  $s("P4_SELECTED_ID", apex.jQuery(this).treeView("getSelectedNodes")[0].id);
});

Then create a dynamic action that triggers on change of P4_SELECTED_ID, and the true action to "Execute PL/SQL Code". Set the PL/SQL code to "null;" (do nothing, basically) and put P4_SELECTED_ID in the "Page Items to Submit" attribute.

What this does is set the (server-side) session value of P4_SELECTED_ID via an Ajax call as soon as the value is changed (see screenshot below).

Remember to set P4_SELECTED_ID as the "Selected Node Page Item" attribute of the treeview region. You can now click anywhere in the treeview, then navigate away to another page (via any means), and when you return to the treeview, the previously selected item should be expanded and selected.

References

• Sample Trees packaged application
• Get Selected Value - https://community.oracle.com/message/13595561#13595561
• Remember selected value - https://community.oracle.com/thread/3883290